墨西哥国会通过法案，对华加征最高 50% 关税，选边站队美国

Core Viewpoint - Mexico's recent decision to impose tariffs of up to 50% on Chinese goods is seen as a strategic move to align with the United States amid concerns over Chinese products entering the U.S. market through Mexico [1][3][5]. Group 1: Mexico's Tariff Decision - The Mexican Congress passed the tariff law with a significant majority of 357 votes, indicating a strong political stance against China [3][5]. - This decision is timed with the upcoming review of the US-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA), highlighting Mexico's need to demonstrate loyalty to the U.S. [5][7]. - The tariffs are expected to severely impact Mexico's manufacturing sector, particularly the automotive industry, which relies heavily on Chinese supply chains [7][8]. Group 2: Economic Implications - Over 80% of auto parts used in Mexico are sourced from China, making the tariffs a double-edged sword that could harm local industries [8][11]. - The imposition of tariffs is likely to lead to inflation, affecting everyday consumers as many household appliances and factory components are imported from China [11][19]. - Mexico's government appears to gamble on sacrificing economic flexibility for political security, which may lead to significant economic repercussions [11][23]. Group 3: China's Response Strategy - China has shown a composed response to Mexico's tariffs, indicating that it had anticipated such actions and prepared accordingly [13][15]. - The Chinese government has initiated a trade barrier investigation against Mexico, signaling a proactive approach to protect its interests [15][17]. - Chinese companies are diversifying their supply chains and shifting focus to other markets in Latin America and Southeast Asia to mitigate risks from the tariffs [19][21]. Group 4: Global Trade Dynamics - The situation reflects a broader competition between different development models, with Mexico opting for political certainty at the cost of economic flexibility, while China promotes a stable and cooperative global trade environment [23][25]. - The global trade landscape is shifting towards regionalization and diversification, with China leveraging its robust industrial system to maintain its competitive edge [32][34]. - Historical patterns suggest that attempts to use trade barriers to hinder China's growth are likely to be ineffective, as openness fosters prosperity [40][42].