曾被西方断言是贫油区，如今却遥遥领先，中国石油怎样完成逆袭的

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses China's remarkable transformation from being labeled a "desperate oil region" to becoming a global leader in oil production and energy security, highlighting the pivotal role of a single well discovered in 1959 that changed perceptions and strategies in the oil industry [1][9][22]. Group 1: Historical Context - In the early 20th century, foreign experts, including those from Standard Oil and German teams, declared China a "desperate oil region" after unsuccessful drilling attempts [1][4]. - By the time of the founding of New China, the annual crude oil production was only 120,000 tons, reflecting a dire energy situation [4][18]. Group 2: Strategic Shift - Faced with external pressures and limited resources, Chinese geologists made a bold decision to explore the northeastern region, previously deemed unpromising by Western experts [4][6]. - The breakthrough came in 1959 with the discovery of the Songji No. 3 well in Heilongjiang, which not only revealed significant oil reserves but also challenged existing theories about oil formation [7][9]. Group 3: Cultural and Collective Efforts - The determination and spirit of the workers, exemplified by figures like Wang Jinxi, played a crucial role in overcoming harsh conditions to achieve rapid production increases [16][20]. - By 1963, China announced that it had achieved basic self-sufficiency in oil, marking a significant milestone in its energy independence [18][20]. Group 4: Current Position and Future Outlook - Today, China has transformed from a mere participant in the global oil market to a key player, with refining capacity exceeding 900 million tons, making it the world's largest [22][25]. - The country is now not only involved in oil exploration but also in setting global energy standards, particularly in green and low-carbon technologies [22][27]. - China's advancements in energy have reshaped global energy dynamics, and the country is poised to influence future developments in the renewable energy sector [27][29].