我国推动气候适应型社会建设有哪些经验？对破解全球气候治理困境带来哪些启示？

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the urgent need for enhancing climate resilience as global warming approaches critical thresholds, highlighting the necessity for a strategic shift towards a climate-adaptive society while balancing mitigation efforts [1] Group 1: Global Climate Adaptation Challenges - Climate adaptation is increasingly included in national policies, yet faces systemic inadequacies, slow implementation, and fairness issues, indicating the need for comprehensive reform in development concepts and governance mechanisms [2] - Adaptation actions are fragmented despite international consensus, with developing countries facing structural shortcomings in funding, technology, and capacity building, which hinders their adaptation capabilities [2] - The governance system struggles to balance global public goods supply with national interests, necessitating a fair and cooperative global climate governance framework to address adaptation coordination challenges [2] Group 2: Urban Resilience and Infrastructure - Cities are critical for adaptation, yet many still rely on traditional engineering approaches, failing to recognize the long-term and complex nature of climate risks, leading to insufficient resilience against compound climate shocks [3] - A shift from a focus on "hard engineering" to a systems-thinking approach is essential for effective climate risk management, integrating adaptation into urban development and ecological civilization [3] Group 3: Equity and Technology Gaps - The distribution of climate adaptation technologies is highly imbalanced, with vulnerable countries remaining on the periphery of technological supply, exacerbating the "adaptation gap" and "technology gap" [4] - The current global governance system has institutional barriers in resource allocation, reinforcing the concentration of capital and technology in advantaged regions, which limits the overall global adaptation capacity [4] Group 4: China's Path to a Climate-Resilient Society - China is guided by Xi Jinping's ecological civilization thought, promoting profound changes in development concepts, governance models, and cooperation paradigms to address climate crises and global governance deficits [5] - The "National Strategy for Climate Change Adaptation 2035" marks a new phase of systematic and institutional adaptation efforts, emphasizing the integration of adaptation into long-term national development planning [6] - China adopts a systematic approach to adaptation, recognizing the interconnectedness of ecosystems and promoting ecological protection, disaster risk management, and green space development [6] Group 5: Pilot Projects and International Cooperation - China implements a strategy of classified guidance and pilot projects for climate-resilient urban development, creating a network of demonstration cities that integrate adaptation goals into urban planning and management [7] - Through initiatives like the Belt and Road and South-South cooperation, China shares adaptation knowledge and technology with developing countries, enhancing their capacity to respond to climate risks [7] Group 6: Global Insights from China's Practices - China's approach to building a climate-adaptive society reflects a deep transformation in development paradigms, enhancing national climate resilience and providing insights for addressing structural and mechanistic challenges in global climate governance [8] - The fundamental shift in development logic towards ecological harmony is essential for overcoming the inadequacies in global public goods supply [8] - A comprehensive governance system that integrates planning, spatial security, engineering support, and institutional collaboration is crucial for effective climate adaptation [9] - Fair and cooperative global climate governance must address the urgent needs of developing countries in terms of funding, technology, and capacity building [9]