调查结束，中方通告全球，对欧盟猪肉加征关税，马克龙威胁也没用

Core Viewpoint - China has announced anti-dumping duties on EU pork and pork products, effective from December 17, signaling a strong stance against perceived unfair trade practices by the EU [1][4][20]. Group 1: Announcement and Immediate Reactions - On December 16, China's Ministry of Commerce issued a notice regarding the completion of an anti-dumping investigation, leading to the imposition of anti-dumping taxes on EU pork products for five years [1][4]. - French President Macron's previous threats to take strong countermeasures against China were rendered ineffective, as the EU's response to the announcement was muted and lacked assertiveness [4][6][7]. Group 2: Background of the Investigation - The investigation into EU pork products has been ongoing for a year and a half, driven by concerns over low-priced imports from the EU that are perceived as a threat to domestic producers in China [9][13]. - EU pork and pork products accounted for an average of 54% of China's total pork imports from 2020 to 2023, highlighting the significant market share held by EU suppliers [13]. Group 3: Internal EU Dynamics - Macron's threats were ineffective due to the lack of unity within the EU, as member states have differing interests regarding trade with China [15][18]. - Countries like Spain, Denmark, and the Netherlands have significant economic ties with China and are reluctant to support aggressive trade measures that could jeopardize their exports [15][18]. Group 4: Implications of the Anti-Dumping Duties - The anti-dumping tax rates range from 4.9% to 19.8%, allowing for a targeted approach rather than a blanket high tax, which minimizes disruption to normal trade relations [18][20]. - The implementation of these duties is seen as a timely relief for domestic Chinese pork producers, who have been struggling with low prices [20].