分布式储能累计装机近6年增长超5倍，商业模式多元化破局

Core Viewpoint - The development of distributed energy storage is accelerating due to decreasing construction and operational costs, extensive development of distributed energy, and supportive policies, with a focus on achieving market-oriented and diversified growth through policy improvement and market reform [1][2]. Group 1: Industry Overview - Distributed energy storage refers to small storage systems located on the user side (homes, factories, shopping malls) or at distribution network nodes, becoming crucial for addressing the challenges of local renewable energy consumption [2]. - From 2019 to the third quarter of 2025, China's cumulative installed capacity of distributed energy storage increased over fivefold, from 570 MW to 3,638 MW, with six major application scenarios identified [2]. - The most mature application is commercial energy storage, which relies on time-of-use electricity price arbitrage, significantly influenced by regional price difference policies [2]. Group 2: Challenges and Development Path - Despite impressive growth, the industry faces challenges such as insufficient policy continuity, single revenue sources, inadequate safety standards and operational systems, and a lack of cost guidance mechanisms [3]. - To enhance the utilization and economic viability of distributed energy storage, a phased development path is proposed: from 2025 to 2027, focus on widening time-of-use price differences and improving demand response mechanisms; from 2028 to 2030, deepen electricity market reforms and explore the potential of distributed energy storage in green electricity and carbon markets [3]. Group 3: Virtual Power Plants - Virtual power plants, as aggregators of distributed energy storage, are gaining attention, but their current participation rate remains low due to limited aggregated resources and challenges in independent metering [3]. - Experts recommend installing separate meters for distributed energy storage and utilizing AI technology for coordinated scheduling with the grid, while expanding auxiliary service scenarios such as frequency and voltage regulation [3]. Group 4: Capacity Market Exploration - The capacity market is under exploration, with Shanxi province investigating the aggregation of distributed energy storage through virtual power plants to participate in capacity market trading, providing long-term capacity support to the power system [5].