中疾控：除了打疫苗，这几件事也是预防流感的关键

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of understanding and preventing influenza, especially during the winter season when respiratory diseases are prevalent. It highlights the need for effective vaccination and public awareness to combat the flu virus [1][4]. Group 1: Understanding Influenza - Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by the influenza virus, with symptoms including fever, sore throat, cough, nasal congestion, runny nose, and muscle aches. Severe cases can lead to pneumonia and myocarditis [2]. - The influenza virus is highly variable, with different subtypes and strains that can undergo reassortment, making it a persistent challenge for public health [2]. - The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified seven influenza viruses among the 32 pathogens likely to cause the next pandemic in its 2024 priority pathogen list [2]. Group 2: Global Awareness Initiatives - World Influenza Day was established in 2018 to raise public awareness about influenza, promote monitoring and research, and enhance global prevention and control efforts [3]. - November 1 was chosen for this observance as it coincides with the rising activity of influenza in the Northern Hemisphere, facilitating health promotion and vaccination awareness [3]. Group 3: Vaccination as a Preventive Measure - Vaccination is the most effective method for preventing influenza, with annual adjustments made to vaccine components based on global monitoring data and WHO recommendations [4]. - Vaccination prepares the immune system to respond more effectively to the virus, reducing the risk of severe illness and death, particularly for high-risk groups such as the elderly and those with underlying health conditions [4]. Group 4: Recommended Preventive Measures - Maintaining good personal hygiene, such as frequent handwashing and using hand sanitizers, is crucial [4]. - Avoiding crowded and poorly ventilated places, wearing masks in healthcare settings, and enhancing personal immunity through balanced diet, exercise, and adequate sleep are recommended [4][5]. - High-risk populations, including the elderly, children, and patients with chronic diseases, should prioritize vaccination and follow preventive measures [5].