顶层设计落地，中国气象局发布未来十年地球系统预报发展战略

Core Viewpoint - The China Meteorological Administration (CMA) has announced the "Earth System Forecast Development Strategy (2025-2035)" aimed at enhancing weather and climate forecasting capabilities to address climate change and extreme weather events [1][2]. Group 1: Strategic Goals - The goal is to establish a self-controlled, internationally advanced Earth system forecasting system by 2035, with a focus on operationalizing a new generation of forecasting models and building a unified framework for meteorological AI models within the next five years [2]. - The strategy will be implemented through two five-year plans, with the first plan focusing on operationalizing new forecasting models and the second plan (2030-2035) aimed at fully establishing a unified Earth system forecasting framework [2]. Group 2: Technical Approach - The strategy proposes an innovative "dual-driven, digital-intelligence integration" development path, combining physical-based numerical forecasting with artificial intelligence to enhance forecasting accuracy and efficiency [2]. - The integration of numerical forecasting and AI will allow for precise simulations of Earth's various layers and the extraction of forecasting patterns from vast meteorological data [2]. Group 3: Key Tasks - The strategy outlines eight key tasks, including the development of multi-layer coupled Earth system models, the creation of AI models for integrated weather and climate forecasting, and the establishment of a seamless intelligent forecasting business system [3][4]. - It emphasizes the importance of high-level services for disaster prevention, climate change adaptation, and socio-economic development, aiming to effectively convert meteorological data into application value [4]. Group 4: Societal Impact - The development of Earth system forecasting capabilities will significantly enhance early warning systems for extreme weather, thereby protecting lives and property [4]. - It will provide precise meteorological support for various sectors, including agriculture, renewable energy, transportation, and finance, while contributing to ecological civilization and climate change goals [4].