专访中国WTO研究会霍建国：海南自贸港为全国制度型开放探路

Core Viewpoint - The official launch of the Hainan Free Trade Port's full island closure operation on December 18 marks a significant step in China's high-level opening-up strategy, implementing a regulatory model of "one line open, two lines controlled, and free movement within the island" [2][4]. Regulatory Framework - After the closure, approximately 6,600 items will be subject to "zero tariff," increasing the proportion from 21% to 74%, with a significant expansion of the beneficiaries [2][3]. - The Hainan Free Trade Port aims to align with international standards, actively exploring high-level opening paths amidst a complex global trade environment [3][4]. Unique Features - Hainan Free Trade Port's uniqueness lies in three aspects: the "one line open, two lines controlled" management model, a higher degree of service industry openness, and significant tax policy breakthroughs, such as a 15% preferential tax rate for corporate and personal income taxes [5][6]. - The port is expected to serve as a model for high-level opening, with potential for replicable policies in other regions [6]. Economic Impact - The policy allowing enterprises to import raw materials tax-free and sell to the mainland after processing 30% value-added is anticipated to significantly lower costs and attract industry clusters, boosting local economic growth [7]. - Establishing companies in Hainan can provide inland enterprises with easier access to international business and favorable local policies [8]. Investment Attraction - Hainan is positioned to become a prime entry point for multinational companies and international investors due to its higher openness and rich incentive policies compared to other regions [9]. - The core to attracting foreign investment lies in creating a favorable business environment, ensuring policy stability and transparency [10]. Regional Cooperation - Hainan can leverage its zero-tariff policy and geographical advantages to enhance trade cooperation with ASEAN, facilitating a platform for mutual investment and project introduction [11]. - The potential for cooperation exists in sectors like tropical agriculture, marine products, and high-tech industries, with a focus on enhancing competitiveness [13]. Institutional Innovation - The Hainan Free Trade Port's institutional advantages provide a framework for aligning with international standards and rules, particularly in areas like e-commerce and market competition [14]. - The port is expected to serve as a testing ground for institutional reforms, contributing to China's broader goals of high-standard opening and regulatory alignment with international norms [14].