贵金属全线上涨，黄金、白银、铂金集体创新高

Core Viewpoint - Precious metals have collectively surged, with multiple varieties reaching new highs, driven by factors such as central bank purchases and changing monetary policies [1][5]. Group 1: Price Movements - As of December 22, spot gold prices exceeded $4,385 per ounce, marking a historical high with a year-to-date increase of over 65% [1][2]. - Spot silver broke the $68 per ounce mark, achieving a year-to-date increase of approximately 137% [3]. - Spot platinum rose over 3% to $2,002.3 per ounce, marking its first rise above $2,000 since 2008, with a year-to-date increase of over 120% [3]. Group 2: Market Dynamics - Global central bank purchases of gold are identified as a key variable disrupting traditional supply-demand balance, with expectations of a shift to looser monetary policy by the Federal Reserve further benefiting gold prices [5][6]. - The World Gold Council reported that global physical gold ETF inflows reached $5.2 billion in November, marking six consecutive months of inflows, with total assets under management growing by 5.4% to $530 billion [5]. - Market confidence in potential interest rate cuts by the Federal Reserve has decreased, with the probability of maintaining current rates rising to 79% [5]. Group 3: Economic Influences - Analysts note that the combination of ample liquidity and strong supply constraints is pushing commodity prices to challenge historical highs [6]. - The importance of basic raw materials for economic development is increasingly recognized by various countries, leading to the use of tariffs to secure these products, which exacerbates regional market gaps and drives prices upward [6]. - The ongoing trend of central bank gold purchases, along with the processes of de-dollarization and geopolitical fragmentation, are expected to sustain and potentially expand the demand for gold as a credit hedge [6].