王海娟：资本大量下乡后，农村产业治理陷入一个恶性循环

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the governance challenges faced by local governments in mobilizing farmers for rural industrial revitalization under the rural revitalization strategy, highlighting the shift towards relying on business capital instead of farmers for development [1][31]. Governance Target Dilemma - There is a consensus that traditional industries cannot make farmers wealthy, and the focus should be on integrating primary, secondary, and tertiary industries [1][2]. - Y County emphasizes the integration of these industries as a key direction for rural revitalization, making it a criterion for project funding applications [1]. Project Implementation Dilemma - Local governments depend on project funding to drive rural industrial development, facing challenges such as strict eligibility criteria for project applications [4][5]. - Farmers often lack the necessary scale and financial resources to meet project requirements, leading to difficulties in project execution [5]. Governance Cost Dilemma - The large number of farmers and their dispersed nature increase governance costs for local governments, complicating the management of rural industrial projects [7][8]. - The weakening of village organizations further exacerbates governance costs, as local governments struggle to engage with individual farmers effectively [8]. Governance Risk Dilemma - Strengthened oversight and accountability from higher authorities increase governance risks for local governments, as failures in industrial projects can lead to significant social conflicts [9][10]. - The diverse interests of farmers can lead to internal conflicts, complicating project implementation and increasing governance risks [10]. Mobilizing Capital for Rural Revitalization - Local governments are increasingly relying on business capital to develop rural industries, which helps meet administrative targets and reduces governance burdens [11][12]. - Business capital aligns with government goals for integrating industries and has the capacity to invest in new sectors, thus facilitating project funding applications [13][17]. Governance Transformation - The governance structure is shifting from a model involving farmers and village organizations to one that prioritizes business capital, leading to a "government + capital" model [23][24]. - Local governments are focusing on serving business capital's needs, which can lead to the marginalization of farmers in the development process [26][30]. Conclusion - The reliance on business capital for rural revitalization presents both opportunities and challenges, as it may not effectively address farmers' needs and can lead to governance inefficiencies [31][32].