吴晓求：财政资源不只求短期盈利，更要“投资于人”

Core Viewpoint - The speech emphasizes the importance of long-term investment in human capital and foundational research for sustainable economic development, urging a shift away from short-term profit-focused thinking [1][3]. Group 1: Economic Development - Wu Xiaoqiu highlights that sustainable economic and social development relies on foundational research and independent innovation, advocating for fiscal resources to prioritize long-term value areas like basic scientific research [1][3]. - Under the "14th Five-Year Plan," the construction of a modernized nation requires both "economic development" and "social civilization," with clear quantitative indicators for economic development, such as a per capita GDP exceeding $15,000 to be classified as a developed country [3]. Group 2: Role of Financial Systems - Wu asserts that finance plays a crucial role alongside technology in the modernization process, emphasizing that financial systems are essential for the transformation of technological innovations into new products and industries [3][4]. - He identifies two core capabilities of modern finance: value discovery, which assesses the application scenarios and development potential of technologies, and risk diversification, which mitigates risks during the technology-to-industry transition [3][4]. Group 3: Functions of Finance - The first function of finance is payment and clearing, which enhances economic and trade efficiency, exemplified by the advancements in mobile payment systems in China [4][5]. - The second function is pricing and resource allocation, where accurate pricing is essential for efficient resource utilization, facilitated through indirect and direct financing methods [4][5]. - The third function involves risk management and hedging, where financial systems must create risk-hedging tools to stabilize the investment environment and attract foreign investment [5]. - The fourth function is promoting industrial upgrades and meeting social wealth management needs, with a focus on creating a diverse range of financial assets to cater to different investor requirements [5]. - The fifth function is creating diversified liquidity, which includes both monetary and asset liquidity, essential for the normal operation of the economy and providing more options for asset allocation [5].