2025年技术和创新报告：包容性人工智能促进发展-联合国贸发会议

Core Insights - The report emphasizes the need for inclusive development paths centered on "infrastructure, data, and skills" to guide AI strategy formulation, especially for developing economies [1][2]. Group 1: AI Market and Development - The global frontier technology market reached $2.5 trillion in 2023 and is projected to grow to $16.4 trillion by 2033, with AI expected to account for 30% of this market [1][2]. - The concentration of AI development is significant, with the US and China contributing one-third of global AI papers and two-thirds of patents, while 100 companies account for over 40% of R&D investment [1][2]. Group 2: Economic and Social Impact - AI applications in agriculture, manufacturing, and healthcare have helped developing economies reduce costs and optimize resources, but there are risks such as job automation and ethical issues like data bias and privacy concerns [1][2]. - Approximately 33% of jobs in developed economies face automation risks, while developing economies may struggle due to diminished labor cost advantages [1][2]. Group 3: Key Challenges and Recommendations - The report identifies three critical bottlenecks for inclusive development: lack of internet access for 2.6 billion people, control of quality data sets by multinational companies, and a gap in digital literacy and high-end AI talent [2]. - It suggests that developing economies should adapt local infrastructure, develop new data sources, simplify tool usability, and establish strategic partnerships to effectively implement AI [2]. Group 4: Policy and Governance - Current global AI policies are predominantly led by developed economies, with only 6 out of 89 national strategies from the least developed countries, indicating a fragmented governance system [2]. - The report advocates for a whole-of-government approach to policy-making, emphasizing infrastructure upgrades, data governance, and skills training, alongside international cooperation to build digital public infrastructure and promote open innovation [2].