欧盟调整“禁燃令”，减排承诺“打折”背后的汽车产业困境

Group 1 - The EU has revised its "automotive package" target from 100% zero emissions by 2035 to a 90% reduction, reflecting a compromise between climate goals and industrial realities [1][2] - The European Automobile Manufacturers Association (ACEA) has been a key lobbyist for this shift, citing low electric vehicle sales, inadequate charging infrastructure, and high supply chain dependency as major concerns [2][3] - Germany, along with other EU member states, has publicly questioned the single electric vehicle route, leading to a new EU plan that allows for a 10% emissions offset through alternative fuels and technologies [2][3] Group 2 - The market share of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) in the EU reached 34.6%, while battery electric vehicles (BEVs) only accounted for 16.4%, indicating a consumer preference for more practical hybrid options [4] - Ford has announced a significant $19.5 billion loss, primarily due to the cancellation of electric vehicle models and the closure of a battery plant, marking a financial reset for its electric strategy [4][5] - Other traditional automakers, such as General Motors and Stellantis, are also adjusting their strategies by increasing investments in hybrid vehicles while scaling back electric vehicle plans [5] Group 3 - Chinese electric vehicle manufacturers are gaining market share in Europe, with BYD's new car registrations increasing by 239.6% year-on-year, while Tesla's sales in the region have dropped by 39.2% [6] - The shift in the EU's policy framework presents opportunities for supply chain restructuring, particularly through the €1.8 billion "Battery Booster" plan aimed at developing local battery supply chains [7] - The automotive industry is undergoing a transformation that requires companies to maintain technological flexibility and market sensitivity, as the direction towards cleaner and smarter transportation remains unchanged [7]