中疾控提示猪肉千万不能这么吃

Core Viewpoint - Trichinella spiralis, a parasitic roundworm, poses significant health risks to humans through the consumption of undercooked or improperly processed meat, particularly pork, leading to symptoms such as high fever and muscle pain [1][3]. Group 1: Infection Mechanism - The life cycle of Trichinella spiralis is simple, requiring no intermediate hosts, and can complete its development within the same host [2]. - Infection occurs primarily through oral ingestion of contaminated meat, with pork being the main source of transmission [3]. - The larvae are resistant to various cooking methods, making undercooked or improperly processed meat a significant risk factor for infection [3]. Group 2: Symptoms of Infection - Early symptoms include gastrointestinal issues such as nausea and vomiting, often mistaken for food poisoning, lasting about one week [4]. - Mid-stage symptoms involve high fever and severe muscle pain due to larvae invading skeletal muscles, typically lasting 2-3 weeks [4]. - Late-stage symptoms show a gradual recovery as larvae become encysted in muscle tissue, with potential lingering health issues lasting 4-16 weeks [4]. Group 3: Prevention Measures - It is crucial to change dietary habits by ensuring that meat is thoroughly cooked and avoiding raw or undercooked meat products [5]. - Consumption of uninspected meats, such as horse, dog, and wild boar, should be avoided to reduce infection risk [6]. - Maintaining kitchen hygiene by separating raw and cooked foods can help prevent cross-contamination [7]. Group 4: Response to Suspected Infection - Prompt medical attention is essential if infection is suspected, with patients advised to inform healthcare providers about any history of consuming raw meat [8]. - Upon diagnosis, treatment typically involves medications such as albendazole [8]. Group 5: Host Range and Awareness - Trichinella spiralis has a wide host range, infecting over 150 species, including pigs, wild boars, dogs, and rodents, indicating a broader risk than commonly perceived [9]. - Increased vigilance against consuming raw and wild meats, along with improved dietary practices, is necessary for health protection [9].