国际金融市场早知道：12月25日

Group 1 - The U.S. Treasury Secretary confirmed that the government is actively interviewing candidates for the next Federal Reserve Chair, emphasizing the need to reduce the Fed's functions and end the era of "permanent quantitative easing" to reshape the monetary policy framework [1] - Japan plans to significantly reduce the issuance of ultra-long-term government bonds, with monthly issuance of 20, 30, and 40-year bonds each cut by 1 trillion yen, leading to an expected total issuance of approximately 17 trillion yen for the next fiscal year, the lowest level since 2017 [1] - The average interest rate for 30-year fixed-rate mortgages in the U.S. has dropped to 6.18%, marking a decline for the second consecutive week, although homebuyer response remains sluggish despite lower financing costs [1] Group 2 - As of the week ending December 19, the number of initial jobless claims in the U.S. was 214,000, significantly below the expected 224,000, indicating resilience in the labor market [2] - Russia's industrial output fell by 0.7% year-on-year in November, reversing a previous trend of growth, highlighting weakened economic momentum potentially due to external pressures and structural factors [2] Group 3 - The Dow Jones Industrial Average rose by 0.6% to 48,731.16 points, the S&P 500 increased by 0.32% to 6,932.05 points, and the Nasdaq Composite gained 0.22% to 23,613.31 points [3] Group 4 - COMEX gold futures decreased by 0.01% to $4,505.4 per ounce, while COMEX silver futures increased by 1.04% to $71.875 per ounce [4] - The main contract for U.S. oil rose by 0.03% to $58.4 per barrel, while Brent oil fell by 0.05% to $61.84 per barrel [4] - The yield on 2-year U.S. Treasury bonds fell by 2.45 basis points to 3.506%, and the yield on 30-year bonds decreased by 2.94 basis points to 4.795% [4] - The U.S. dollar index increased by 0.06% to 97.95, with the euro and pound both declining against the dollar [4]