教育部就《博士硕士学位授予资格审核办法》答记者问

Core Viewpoint - The newly revised "Measures for the Review of Doctoral and Master's Degree Granting Qualifications" aims to optimize graduate education and discipline settings in response to national strategic needs and technological development [2][3]. Group 1: Background and Purpose of the Revision - The revision of the "Measures" is driven by the central government's emphasis on graduate education and discipline optimization, serving as a key mechanism for high-level talent cultivation [2]. - Since the implementation of the "Degree Regulations" in 1980, the State Council Degree Committee has conducted 14 rounds of degree granting qualification reviews, leading to an increase in doctoral and master's degree granting institutions [2]. - The revision aligns with the requirements of the "Degree Law," which will be implemented in January 2025, necessitating updates to the management and quality assurance of degree granting qualifications [3]. Group 2: Key Directives of the Revision - The revision emphasizes three main directives: 1. Strategic demand, focusing on serving technological development and national strategic needs [4]. 2. Reform and decentralization, expanding the autonomy of local governments and universities in discipline settings [4]. 3. Quality standards, ensuring strict adherence to quality control and regulatory processes in degree granting qualifications [4]. Group 3: Implementation of Extraordinary Layout Review - The extraordinary layout review mechanism is designed to quickly establish degree granting points in response to urgent national needs, particularly in emerging fields [5][6]. - A pilot program has been initiated for low-altitude technology and engineering, with 24 universities authorized to establish related degree granting points [5]. Group 4: Expansion of Autonomous Review Units - Since 2017, 38 universities have been approved as autonomous review units, allowing them to independently review and establish new degree granting points [7][8]. - A total of 441 doctoral and 454 master's degree points have been added through this autonomous review process, focusing on key areas such as integrated circuits and artificial intelligence [8]. Group 5: Role of Provincial Degree Committees - Provincial degree committees are tasked with optimizing local discipline settings and ensuring alignment with regional economic needs [9]. - They are responsible for dynamically adjusting degree granting points and ensuring quality control in the review process [9]. Group 6: Quality Assurance Measures - Quality assurance is critical, with strict standards and procedures established for the review process [10]. - Regular evaluations of autonomous review units will be conducted to ensure compliance with quality standards, with potential penalties for non-compliance [10].