中方已经忍无可忍，对欧盟发出2道制裁，英国还想对中企下黑手

Core Viewpoint - Since December, China has implemented two trade countermeasures against the EU, targeting dairy products and pork, indicating a serious retaliation rather than a mere warning [1][3]. Group 1: Trade Measures - Starting December 23, China will impose countervailing duties ranging from 21.9% to 42.7% on various dairy products originating from the EU [1]. - On December 16, China decided to levy anti-dumping duties of 4.9% to 19.8% on pork imported from the EU [1][7]. - The countermeasures are partly aimed at maintaining industrial safety and partly as a proportional response to EU actions [7]. Group 2: Background and Motivations - The trigger for these retaliatory measures was French President Macron's comments regarding trade imbalances between China and the EU, suggesting potential tariffs on Chinese goods if issues were not resolved [3]. - France is particularly affected, with 12 out of 15 surveyed companies involved in the dairy sector being French, highlighting the direct impact of China's measures on French businesses [3][5]. Group 3: Market Dynamics - China's dairy industry has been suffering losses due to low-priced EU products, with French cheese, yogurt, and cream benefiting from substantial agricultural subsidies, often priced lower than local brands [5]. - An 18-month investigation concluded that EU products were being sold at unfairly low prices, adversely affecting China's pig farming industry [8]. Group 4: Future Implications - China is considering further assessments on other European products such as brandy and wine, indicating that more European goods could be targeted in future retaliatory actions [8]. - If the EU continues its hardline stance, China may expand countermeasures to include wine, luxury goods, and even aerospace components, which could significantly impact the market share of French products in China [15]. Group 5: Broader Context - The ongoing tensions are not limited to trade, as the UK has also imposed sanctions on Chinese companies over alleged cyberattacks, indicating a broader geopolitical struggle that extends beyond trade issues [16][20]. - China's response to the UK's actions emphasizes the need for cooperation in cybersecurity, while also highlighting the multifaceted nature of the current international competition [20].