中方作出决定，对欧盟27国加税，法国首当其冲，马克龙措手不及

Core Viewpoint - The recent imposition of temporary anti-subsidy duties by China on EU dairy products, particularly targeting French exports, has led to a significant crisis for the French dairy industry, highlighting the escalating trade tensions between China and the EU [3][10][30]. Group 1: Impact on French Dairy Industry - The Chinese Ministry of Commerce announced temporary anti-subsidy duties ranging from 21.9% to 42.7% on EU dairy products, effective December 23, 2025, causing a drastic increase in costs for French cheeses like Roquefort and Camembert [3][5]. - France is the largest exporter of dairy products within the EU and is heavily reliant on the Chinese market, which is crucial for the growth of its dairy regions like Brittany and Normandy [8][10]. - The French dairy sector is facing a severe crisis as local markets are saturated, leaving no room for additional sales, and the sudden loss of the Chinese market could lead to unsold inventory and financial losses [10][24]. Group 2: Trade Relations and Responses - The anti-subsidy investigation by China began in August 2024, following complaints about EU subsidies that allowed low-priced dairy products to flood the Chinese market, negatively impacting local producers [15][17]. - Despite the cooperative atmosphere during President Macron's visit to China in December 2025, the subsequent trade measures reveal a lack of genuine dialogue and respect for mutual interests [12][30]. - The EU's internal divisions, particularly regarding the response to the crisis, complicate the situation, as countries like Germany may resist actions that could harm their own industries [21][28]. Group 3: Future Outlook - The temporary measures could become permanent depending on the EU's response by the final investigation deadline of February 21, 2026, emphasizing the need for a shift in policy from France [32]. - The high tariffs imposed on EU dairy products are expected to drive Chinese consumers towards alternatives, particularly from New Zealand, which already dominates the market with over 60% share [24][26]. - The situation serves as a warning to all nations about the importance of fair trade practices and the consequences of unilateral trade protectionism [30].