不造车的第五年：2025 年，车企已无法回避华为

Core Insights - Huawei's strategy in the automotive sector is evolving, with a focus on collaboration rather than direct vehicle manufacturing, as it aims to dominate the smart vehicle ecosystem [2][19] - The company has expanded its partnership models, introducing the "Five Realms" under the HarmonyOS Intelligent Driving system and the new "Realm" series, which includes models from GAC and Dongfeng [2][5] - Huawei's approach involves a dual-track system that balances deep collaboration with traditional automakers while also providing technology solutions without brand involvement [4][18] Summary by Categories Collaboration Models - Huawei's collaboration models range from traditional component supply to full-stack intelligent solutions, with varying levels of involvement from the company [3][4] - The HI model represents a mid-level engagement where Huawei provides a comprehensive technology package, while the "Five Realms" model signifies the highest level of involvement, including product definition and sales [4][6] - The "Realm" series operates under a lighter empowerment logic, allowing automakers to maintain brand identity while leveraging Huawei's technology [5][18] Market Performance - In the first three quarters of this year, vehicles equipped with Huawei's QianKun intelligent driving system sold 452,000 units, capturing approximately 27.8% market share [2] - As of November 20, 2025, the cumulative delivery of all models under the HarmonyOS Intelligent Driving system exceeded 1 million units [4] Capital Cooperation - Huawei's capital cooperation model involves binding key partners through equity stakes, enhancing collaboration stability and ensuring shared decision-making in technology development [7][8] - Notable examples include Seres and Avita, which each acquired a 10% stake in Huawei's subsidiary, reinforcing their strategic partnership [7] Competitive Landscape - The multi-track strategy creates internal competition for resources and market positioning, leading to potential overlaps in product offerings and market segments [10][12] - The "Realm" and "Five Realms" series may compete for the same consumer base, raising concerns about brand differentiation and market clarity [11][12] Industry Implications - Huawei's approach is reshaping the automotive industry, compelling traditional automakers to reassess their strategies in light of Huawei's technological advancements and market influence [14][19] - Non-Huawei affiliated companies face challenges in competing against Huawei's extensive resources and technological capabilities, prompting a shift towards collaboration and differentiation strategies [15][16]