量子计算商用破冰！2025 十大科技突破重塑未来

Core Insights - The year 2025 is designated as the "International Year of Quantum Science and Technology," marking a paradigm shift in the tech sector with ten breakthroughs redefining human understanding of the world [1] Quantum Computing - Quantinuum launched the third-generation universal quantum computer Helios, featuring 98 physical qubits and a single-qubit gate fidelity of 99.9975%, achieving the highest precision in commercial computing globally [1] - Helios combines 48 logical qubits with the Guppy programming language, enabling quantum computing to address real-world business problems for the first time [1] - The Nobel Prize in Physics recognized superconducting quantum circuit technology, laying the groundwork for macroscopic quantum control and advancing quantum computing from theory to application [1] Brain-Computer Interfaces and Communication Technologies - Columbia University developed the BISC chip, integrating 65,536 electrodes into a 3mm³ flexible chip, with a thickness of 50µm, capable of sliding into the brain cortex, supporting epilepsy monitoring and neural prosthetics with a data transmission rate of 100Mbps [1] - A new type of hollow-core optical fiber, supported by Microsoft, achieved a record low loss of 0.091dB/km and a bandwidth window of 66THz, opening new avenues for long-distance communication [1] Energy and Material Science - China's "artificial sun" EAST achieved a steady-state operation at 100 million degrees Celsius for 1066 seconds, representing a significant advancement in fusion energy research [1] - Breakthroughs in the fabrication of emi-level two-dimensional metals push the limits of material science, creating opportunities in energy, healthcare, and electronics sectors, potentially generating trillion-dollar markets [1]