Nickel Is Hated Enough To Be Loved - BHP Group (NYSE:BHP), First Quantum Minerals (OTC:FQVLF)

Core Viewpoint - Nickel is experiencing a bullish trend after a bearish year, with a 5.5% rally in a month, but its sustainability remains uncertain [1] Market Dynamics - Nickel prices fell significantly, reaching as low as $14,600 per ton last month, leading to major Western producers shutting down operations due to oversupply and battery substitution concerns [1][4] - The demand for stainless steel and electric vehicles (EVs) initially drove nickel production from 800,000 metric tons in 2019 to 2.2 million in 2024, resulting in a structural surplus [3][4] - The International Nickel Study Group projected a surplus of 179,000 tons in 2024, increasing to 198,000 tons in 2025, with LME warehouse inventories exceeding 254,000 tons [4] Demand Trends - Demand for nickel-rich battery chemistries is growing slowly, with nickel-free LFP batteries increasing by 7% year-on-year compared to just 1% for nickel-bearing batteries by late 2024 [5] - Policy changes, such as the repeal of the US$7,500 EV tax credit, have negatively impacted EV sales and sentiment [5] Supply Chain Risks - Indonesia dominates nickel production, accounting for over half of global output in 2025, but this concentration poses systemic risks due to environmental concerns and reliance on coal power [6][7] - Australia's nickel production has significantly declined from over 150,000 tons to about 60,000 tons due to high operational costs compared to Indonesia [8] Future Outlook - Nickel's demand outlook remains in the mid-single digits, with expectations of doubling battery demand by 2030 despite the LFP trend [10] - A potential shift from surplus to deficit in the late 2020s is anticipated, driven by the continued reliance on nickel-rich chemistries for high-performance EVs [11] - The market faces risks from Indonesia's continued output growth and the rapid adoption of alternative battery technologies [12] Investment Perspective - Nickel is viewed as a deep-value contrarian commodity, with potential for rebalancing despite current oversupply and dependence on a politically complex supplier [13]