寻找“国家级”风口：一份关于十五五的产业内参｜36氪年度透视⑧

Core Insights - The Chinese capital market is undergoing a systematic shift in its underlying logic over the next five years, with a high historical fulfillment rate of the core objectives outlined in the "Five-Year Plan" [2] - The focus of policy and industrial resource allocation will be concentrated on 16 key sectors, including semiconductors and new materials, while traditional infrastructure and real estate are losing importance [7][10] Group 1: Industry Trends - There is a significant potential for domestic substitution in high-end manufacturing, with a 90% domestic replacement space identified in various sectors [6] - The current domestic replacement rates for critical components are low, indicating substantial opportunities for growth in areas such as photolithography and high-end machine tools [6][12] - The policy support is no longer evenly distributed but is highly concentrated on specific sectors, marking a shift in resource allocation [7] Group 2: Investment Implications - The competition in sectors where domestic rates are nearing saturation is becoming intense, while areas with lower domestic rates present longer-term opportunities for investment [12] - Sustainable returns in hard technology sectors will favor participants who can maintain long-term investment strategies rather than seeking short-term profits [15] - The historical context of policy changes reflects a transfer of wealth in China, with the semiconductor sector now positioned as a new economic engine [10]