2025年创新领域盘点——创新活力持续迸发（人民日报海外版）

Core Insights - In 2025, China's technological innovation continues to thrive, with significant advancements in various fields such as artificial intelligence, quantum information, life sciences, and clean energy, contributing to high-quality development and improved living standards [1] Group 1: Fundamental Research - China has achieved new heights in fundamental scientific research, with multiple results breaking international records and filling gaps in various fields [2] - The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) has successfully measured two key parameters of neutrino oscillation with a precision 1.5 to 1.8 times better than previous international standards [2] - A team from the Chinese Academy of Sciences has created five types of two-dimensional metals with single-atom thickness, marking a significant breakthrough in material science [3] - As of August 2025, China leads the world with 2,342 hot papers, accounting for 53.2% of the global total, and ranks second in highly cited papers [3] Group 2: Cutting-edge Technologies - In quantum computing, the "Zuchongzhi 3" prototype has been developed, featuring 105 readable qubits and achieving speeds surpassing the fastest supercomputers [4] - The AI model DeepSeek-R1 has been released, achieving performance comparable to top global models with fewer computational resources, marking a shift in AI development strategies [4] - The number of AI companies in China has exceeded 5,300, representing 15% of the global total, establishing a comprehensive industrial system [4] Group 3: Robotics and Aerospace - The humanoid robot industry is rapidly emerging, with significant public demonstrations showcasing advancements in embodied intelligence [5][6] - The Tianwen-2 probe has been successfully launched, marking China's first asteroid sampling and comet flyby mission, filling a technological gap in small celestial body exploration [6] - The EAST nuclear fusion experiment has achieved a world record of 1 million degrees Celsius for 1,066 seconds, validating the feasibility of steady-state operation for fusion reactors [6] Group 4: Life Sciences and Resource Utilization - In life sciences, breakthroughs in pest control and cancer treatment have been made, promoting green and precise pest management and developing new strategies for nasopharyngeal cancer immunotherapy [8] - The South-to-North Water Diversion Project has delivered over 80 billion cubic meters of water, benefiting 185 million people and addressing groundwater over-extraction issues [9] - China's high-speed rail technology has set new records, with the CR450 train achieving a single-column speed of 453 km/h, leading the world in rail technology [9] Group 5: Global Collaboration - China is leading global renewable energy development, with solar and wind power surpassing fossil fuels in new electricity generation [10] - Major scientific projects like the Jiangmen Neutrino Experiment are open to global collaboration, attracting top scientists to tackle significant scientific challenges [10] - China is sharing technological advancements in public health and agriculture, contributing to global governance improvements [11]