Coinbase Warns: Digital Dollar Policy Risks Losing Ground to e-CNY

Core Viewpoint - The U.S. risks losing its dominance in digital finance to China due to proposed stablecoin regulations that prohibit interest payments on U.S. dollar-pegged stablecoins, while China is enhancing the appeal of its digital yuan by allowing interest payments starting January 1, 2026 [1][2]. Regulatory Framework - The current legislation, known as the GENIUS Act, restricts U.S. stablecoin issuers from paying interest directly to holders, creating a competitive disadvantage for U.S. stablecoins compared to China's e-CNY [2][3]. Competitive Landscape - China's decision to allow interest on the e-CNY transforms it into a savings asset, increasing its attractiveness for both domestic and international users, which could undermine the position of non-interest-bearing U.S. dollar stablecoins [2][5]. Industry Debate - The ongoing debate features crypto advocates arguing that interest restrictions hinder innovation, while traditional banking institutions, represented by the American Bankers Association, advocate for strict enforcement of the interest ban to protect traditional banking [4]. Global Implications - The conflict over digital currency policies is not just about consumer rewards; it concerns the future of global digital settlement, with interest-bearing currencies like the e-CNY posing a challenge to the utility of U.S. dollar stablecoins as reserve assets [5][6]. Potential Consequences - If U.S. digital dollar policies render it less attractive, there is a risk that capital and innovation will shift towards platforms offering yield, potentially diminishing the dominance of USD-backed stablecoins in on-chain value transfer and impacting liquidity and trading volumes [6].