国土整治和生态修复 |“十四五”的“答卷”“十五五”的“开卷”

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of ecological protection and land consolidation as key measures for advancing ecological civilization in China, particularly during the "14th Five-Year Plan" and looking forward to the "15th Five-Year Plan" [3][4]. Group 1: Achievements and Future Directions - During the "14th Five-Year Plan," significant progress was made in ecological restoration and land consolidation, with over 1,700 projects implemented across 24 provinces, covering more than 1 million acres [7][8]. - The upcoming "15th Five-Year Plan" aims to enhance integrated protection and systematic governance of important ecosystems, with a focus on evaluating the effectiveness of ecological restoration and improving diverse ecological compensation mechanisms [4][19]. - A national meeting held on December 19-20, 2022, reviewed achievements from the "14th Five-Year Plan" and outlined new strategies for the "15th Five-Year Plan," aiming to translate the roadmap into actionable plans [4][19]. Group 2: Institutional Support and Innovations - The establishment of nearly 20,000 professionals in land consolidation and ecological restoration has been crucial for supporting the Ministry of Natural Resources in fulfilling its responsibilities [6]. - The Ministry has supported the implementation of 27 major ecological restoration projects with over 60 billion yuan in central financial investment, leading to the restoration of over 5.5 million hectares [7]. - The development of a comprehensive standard system for ecological restoration has been initiated, including 4 national standards and 18 industry standards, to guide scientific practices in ecological restoration [7]. Group 3: Technological Advancements - Land technology innovation has been identified as a key driver for ecological restoration and land consolidation, with over 600 projects undertaken in the field of ecological protection and restoration [9]. - The Ministry has established a network of over 40 scientific observation stations and engineering technology innovation centers to support research and development in ecological restoration technologies [9]. - The focus on nature-based solutions (NbS) and innovative techniques for soil and land management has been highlighted as essential for addressing complex ecological challenges [9]. Group 4: Regional Initiatives and Best Practices - Various provinces have introduced unique models for land consolidation and ecological restoration, such as Zhejiang's "multi-field integration" approach and Hubei's "government-bank-enterprise" cooperation mechanism [19][20]. - The article showcases successful case studies from regions like Xinjiang and Shandong, where land consolidation has been linked to high-quality development and ecological safety [20][21]. - The integration of cultural heritage and ecological restoration efforts in places like Hunan and Sichuan demonstrates the potential for sustainable development through innovative practices [21][22]. Group 5: Future Focus and Strategic Goals - The "15th Five-Year Plan" will prioritize high-level protection and quality development, aiming to create a comprehensive framework for ecological protection and land consolidation [23][24]. - The Ministry plans to enhance collaboration across various sectors, focusing on policy innovation, legal frameworks, and international cooperation to support ecological restoration efforts [24][26]. - Emphasis will be placed on developing a multi-faceted funding mechanism to support ecological restoration and land consolidation projects, ensuring sustainable investment in these initiatives [25].