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Core Insights - The diamond mining industry in Northwest Territories (N.W.T.) is experiencing a significant downturn, primarily due to the rise of synthetic diamonds, which are cheaper and more stable in supply, undermining the commercial value of natural diamonds [1][3]. Economic Impact - Over the past 25 years, diamond mines have been a crucial economic engine for N.W.T., employing over 1,500 residents and contributing approximately 20% to the region's GDP [3]. - The diamond industry has contributed over CAD 30 billion to the Canadian economy, with around CAD 20 billion remaining in the local economy [3]. Industry Challenges - Major mines such as Diavik are set to close, while Gahcho Kué is expected to operate only until 2031. The Ekati mine, although projected to run until 2040, is facing financial difficulties and is seeking government assistance [3][4]. - The international price index indicates a significant decline in natural diamond prices since 2022, compounded by U.S. tariff policies and weak global demand, further squeezing the high-cost mining operations in the region [3]. Fiscal Risks - The finance minister of N.W.T. has warned that the diamond mines contribute a substantial portion of local revenue, and continued contraction of the mining sector could lead to greater economic uncertainty [4]. - Population decline is a concern, as reduced employment opportunities may lead to outmigration, affecting federal funding and the scale of public services [4]. Future Prospects - N.W.T. leaders are looking towards critical minerals for long-term growth, which may result in the development of more, but smaller, mining operations [4]. - The region possesses nearly three-quarters of Canada's critical mineral resources, but infrastructure challenges remain, as current access routes are limited to winter use and the region relies heavily on costly diesel power [4]. Infrastructure Development - The federal government has identified the "Arctic Economic and Security Corridor" as a potential national project, which includes ports, all-weather roads, airport runways, and communication systems [4]. - Concerns exist regarding the risk of investing billions in infrastructure without clear private sector utilization, as maintenance costs could burden the regional economy [4]. Economic Dilemma - The region is in a dilemma, as without a significant increase in critical mineral prices, it is unlikely that any industry can replace the economic impact previously provided by diamond mining [5].