银行转账要3天，比特币10分钟到账，区块链如何解决信任难题？

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the evolution of trust in financial transactions, highlighting the shift from centralized systems to decentralized blockchain technology, exemplified by Bitcoin, which aims to establish trust through code rather than intermediaries [3][24]. Group 1: Blockchain Technology - Blockchain technology allows for a decentralized ledger where transactions are recorded transparently, making it difficult to alter past records, thus enhancing trust among users [5][7]. - The mechanism of "proof of work" incentivizes miners to validate transactions by solving complex mathematical problems, ensuring a fair and secure method of record-keeping [8][10]. - The UTXO model in Bitcoin tracks every unspent transaction output, providing clarity on the flow of funds, akin to physical cash management [10][12]. Group 2: Web3.0 and Digital Assets - Web3.0 aims to give users control over their data, utilizing blockchain as a "notary" to prevent arbitrary data manipulation by platforms [14][19]. - NFTs serve as digital certificates on the blockchain, ensuring ownership and provenance of digital assets, which remain secure even if the hosting platform fails [15][17]. - Decentralized finance (DeFi) eliminates the need for traditional banks by allowing users to lend and earn interest on cryptocurrencies through smart contracts, although this comes with significant risks [17][19]. Group 3: Challenges and Future Outlook - Current blockchain systems face scalability issues, with Bitcoin processing only seven transactions per second compared to traditional systems like Alipay, which can handle hundreds of thousands [21]. - Regulatory discrepancies across countries pose challenges for the global adoption of cryptocurrencies, potentially slowing the reformation of trust mechanisms [23]. - The article raises questions about the future of trust in a digital world, suggesting a shift from trusting individuals to trusting mathematics and code, with the reliability of this new trust model still uncertain [26].