专访联合国经社事务部助理秘书长：债务问题需寻求长期解决方案

Core Insights - Global economic growth is becoming increasingly "expensive," with developing economies facing structural pressures from debt, tightening financing, and rising external uncertainties [1][2] - The UN predicts that global economic growth will be 2.5% by 2026, significantly below the pre-pandemic level of 3.2%, which is insufficient to meet sustainable development goals [3][4] Factors Affecting Economic Growth - Debt issues are critical, with many developing countries allocating over 10% of their fiscal revenue to debt servicing, limiting their ability to invest in sustainable development [4] - Trade tensions remain a significant risk, with potential new tariffs threatening economic growth [4] - Youth unemployment is a pressing challenge, with rates as high as 20% in some countries, indicating that one in five young people is struggling to find formal employment [4] - Climate shocks are increasingly frequent and severe, disrupting food supply and infrastructure, and exacerbating fiscal burdens for recovery [4] Development Financing Challenges - There is an annual investment gap of approximately $4 trillion to achieve sustainable development goals, which, while substantial, represents a small fraction of the global GDP exceeding $100 trillion [5] - The "Seville Commitment" emphasizes the need for long-term, affordable financing rather than temporary solutions, focusing on three key actions: mobilizing investments, addressing debt crises, and reforming the international financial architecture [5][6] Debt Restructuring and Solutions - The UN is advocating for a systematic approach to debt resolution, emphasizing the need for coordinated solutions rather than temporary fixes [7][8] - The G20 framework for debt relief is progressing slowly, with specific recommendations to expedite debt restructuring and ensure equitable responsibility among creditors [7][8] Investment in Human Capital and Productivity - Investment in human capital is essential, with a focus on education, skills training, and job creation as critical components for future prosperity [9][10] - Structural transformation towards high-value manufacturing and services is necessary to enhance productivity, which has seen a significant decline in developing countries [10][12] - Investments in renewable energy and infrastructure are vital for job creation and economic resilience [13][14] China's Role in Global Development - China is positioned to play a key role in advancing sustainable development through initiatives like the Global Development Initiative (GDI), which aligns with the 2030 Agenda [18][19] - The country can facilitate technology transfer, human capital development, and strengthen multilateral cooperation, reinforcing the UN's central role in global governance [19]