找矿走向深蓝，未来中国深海采矿如何发展？

Core Viewpoint - China is enhancing its mineral exploration efforts by integrating land and sea strategies, focusing on deep-sea resource investigation to secure critical metal supplies for its economy and technological advancement [1][2]. Group 1: Importance of Deep-Sea Mining - The demand for key metals such as nickel, cobalt, and copper is surging globally, making deep-sea mining a new frontier for technological and strategic competition among nations [2]. - China's reliance on foreign sources for certain metals is high, with cobalt dependency reaching nearly 99% and copper at 77%, highlighting the need for domestic resource security [4]. - The economic value of deep-sea mining is significant, with the potential value of metals extracted from seabed nodules estimated at 6,000 to 7,000 yuan per ton, compared to much lower values for land-based sources [4]. Group 2: Technological and Environmental Challenges - Deep-sea mining presents challenges in technology, environmental impact, and cost, requiring advanced solutions for stable and reliable operations in extreme underwater conditions [6][7]. - Recent breakthroughs in deep-sea mining technology, such as the "Kai Tuo No. 2" mining vehicle, demonstrate China's growing capabilities in this field, achieving operational depths of 4,000 meters [7]. - Environmental concerns arise from insufficient understanding of deep-sea ecosystems, with mining activities potentially causing unpredictable disturbances [8]. Group 3: Strategic Development and Future Directions - The Chinese government is planning a long-term roadmap for deep-sea mining, emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and international cooperation in technology development [9][10]. - Local initiatives, such as those in Qingdao, are focusing on enhancing deep-sea mining capabilities and integrating marine industries [9]. - The future of deep-sea mining in China will depend on solidifying foundational technologies, reducing uncertainties, and establishing responsible supply chain standards [10].