24小时已过，中方反补贴税准时落地，卢拉给欧盟下最后通牒

Group 1 - The EU is facing significant challenges as China has initiated anti-subsidy tax procedures on EU dairy products, impacting a market valued at €12 billion [1] - Brazil's President Lula has issued an ultimatum to Brussels regarding a long-negotiated free trade agreement, which has been in discussion for 26 years [1][6] - The EU's decision-making process is a major obstacle, requiring agreement from at least 15 member states representing over 65% of the population, complicating the approval of the trade agreement [3] Group 2 - Starting December 23, all dairy products imported from the EU to China will incur anti-subsidy tax rates ranging from 21.9% to 42.7%, with an average rate of 28.6% for compliant companies [5] - The EU has initiated 15 trade remedy investigations against China, while China has only concluded three anti-dumping cases this year, highlighting a disparity in trade actions [5] - EU dairy companies are increasingly anxious as the cost of doing business rises due to these new tariffs, threatening their competitiveness in the Chinese market, which is projected to reach €12 billion in exports by 2024 [5][12] Group 3 - Internal EU debates continue, with thousands of farmers protesting in Brussels over fears of increased competition from South American agricultural products [8] - To address farmer concerns, the EU has proposed agricultural safeguard measures that would trigger investigations if imports exceed an 8% annual increase for certain products [8][10] - These safeguard measures require formal approval from the European Parliament and the EU Council, which could lead to further delays in the trade agreement process [10] Group 4 - The EU's delay in signing the trade agreement until January 2026 is seen as a gamble on Italy's support, but this could have significant consequences if the situation changes after Lula's presidency [12] - The ongoing trade friction with China and the potential loss of the Latin American market are pressing issues for the EU, as internal divisions over protectionism and open cooperation persist [12]