包头以系统思维从“治水”到“治城”

Core Viewpoint - The ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin are crucial for the rejuvenation and sustainable development of the Chinese nation, with Baotou City in Inner Mongolia playing a significant role in this initiative [1] Group 1: Water Resource Management - Baotou City has initiated a comprehensive reform focused on "water resources, water environment, and water ecology" to address the pollution of the Erdaosha River, which was previously a major conduit for urban wastewater [1] - The city has implemented a "source control and pollution interception" strategy, targeting major industries such as steel, electricity, and coal chemical sectors to enhance wastewater treatment and promote technological innovation [2] - The overall urban sewage treatment rate has increased to 96.38%, reflecting significant improvements in wastewater management [2] Group 2: Water Resource Utilization - Baotou City has transformed wastewater into a "second water source," encouraging internal water recycling within enterprises to minimize new water intake and wastewater discharge [3] - The city has established a regional recycled water utilization system, which has reduced the annual discharge of tailwater into the Yellow River by 20 million cubic meters, achieving a recycled water utilization rate exceeding 50% [3] Group 3: Ecological Restoration - The governance of the Erdaosha River has expanded from merely cleaning to enhancing the landscape, including river dredging and ecological bank construction, which has improved the river's self-purification capacity and biodiversity [3] - The transformation of the river from a "city scar" to an "ecological living room" for citizens has led to simultaneous improvements in ecological, social, and urban quality [3] Group 4: Systematic Governance and Collaboration - Baotou City aims to become a model for black and odorous water body governance and has actively explored multi-party investment mechanisms to support water resource conservation and pollution control [4] - The city has strengthened inter-departmental collaboration and regional coordination, creating a governance framework that integrates water resources, environment, and ecology [4] Group 5: Lessons Learned - The governance of the Erdaosha River provides a systematic methodology for resource-based cities and watershed management, emphasizing the importance of viewing the watershed as an organic whole [5] - The experience demonstrates that strict environmental standards can drive industrial transformation and innovation, highlighting the economic potential of a good ecological environment [5] - Continuous efforts and institutional reforms are essential for enhancing environmental governance effectiveness, with a focus on long-term strategies and public engagement [6]