清华周道许：AI于金融是一把“双刃剑”，如何握住剑柄？

Core Viewpoint - Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping the financial industry, presenting both opportunities for efficiency and challenges such as algorithmic opacity and systemic risks [1][13]. AI Application in Finance - AI's role in finance is evolving from an auxiliary tool to collaborative and even autonomous decision-making, transitioning the industry from an "experience-driven" to a "data-driven + algorithm-driven" paradigm [2][14]. - The application of AI in finance has not yet reached its ceiling, with potential for further integration into core decision-making processes such as investment research and credit pricing [7][19]. Governance and Regulation - AI governance in finance should focus on being "controllable, trustworthy, and sustainable," with key dimensions including algorithm compliance and transparency, data governance, and privacy protection [5][16]. - A dynamic risk monitoring system is essential to address new systemic risks arising from AI, such as model homogeneity and algorithmic resonance [6][17]. - Ethical norms and responsibility identification are crucial, advocating for a principle of "human ultimate responsibility" in AI decision-making [8][18]. Emerging Risks - AI introduces new risks, including model risk and algorithmic resonance, which can lead to collective misjudgments in extreme market conditions [20]. - Data pollution and adversarial attacks pose significant threats to AI model integrity, necessitating the development of robust AI security defense technologies [20]. - Ethical issues such as algorithmic bias and digital discrimination require proactive measures, including fairness audits and diverse evaluation mechanisms [20]. Regulatory Balance - Achieving a balance between innovation and safety in financial regulation is critical, with suggestions for enhancing regulatory sandboxes and developing intelligent regulatory platforms [10][22]. - Differentiated regulatory requirements based on the risk level and maturity of AI applications are essential for effective oversight [22][23]. Talent Development - The financial sector's talent requirements are evolving, necessitating a shift in educational frameworks to produce professionals who understand finance, technology, and ethics [12][24]. - Curriculum redesign should integrate practical modules on AI and ethics, fostering critical thinking and innovative leadership skills among students [24].