支付机构分类评级新规出炉 行业监管进入“精准分类、差异施策”新阶段

Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China has released a revised management method for the classification and rating of non-bank payment institutions, effective from February 1, 2026, marking a new phase in the regulatory framework for the industry [1][5]. Group 1: Regulatory Framework - The classification rating will occur annually, evaluating the previous year's performance, and will categorize payment institutions into five classes (A, B, C, D, E) with a total of 11 levels [1][5]. - The new regulation aims to implement a systematic scoring system to accurately classify payment institutions, aligning with the direction of "classified supervision" in the regulatory framework [1][5]. Group 2: Rating Criteria - The classification rating includes seven modules: corporate governance, business norms, reserve fund management, user rights protection, system security, anti-money laundering measures, and operational stability, with a total score out of 100 [3][11]. - Each module has specific weightings: corporate governance (10 points), business norms (25 points), reserve fund management (10 points), user rights protection (10 points), system security (15 points), anti-money laundering measures (15 points), and operational stability (15 points) [3][11]. Group 3: Regulatory Implementation - The People's Bank of China will utilize the classification rating results to inform regulatory plans, allocate resources, and determine the frequency and scope of inspections [3][11]. - Institutions rated as A will be required to rectify issues within a specified timeframe without additional regulatory measures, while B-rated institutions will undergo regulatory discussions and annual meetings with key stakeholders until issues are resolved [4][12]. Group 4: Impact on the Industry - The new classification rating system is seen as a critical step in enhancing the regulatory framework, promoting proactive compliance among institutions, and improving risk management capabilities across the industry [4][12]. - High-rated institutions are expected to benefit from greater flexibility in development opportunities, fostering a competitive environment that encourages compliance and innovation [6][14]. Group 5: Future Outlook - The regulation is anticipated to facilitate a collaborative development of compliance and innovation within the payment industry, allowing for the exploration of digital service upgrades while ensuring safety and adaptability [7][15].