离了大谱!美国家庭装光伏，78%的钱没买电池板!

Core Insights - The main obstacle to the widespread adoption of solar energy in the U.S. is no longer related to silicon prices or battery technology, but rather the bureaucratic processes that are cumbersome, inefficient, and costly [1] - A report titled "Permitting Power" suggests that simple policy changes to eliminate administrative barriers could lead to a surge in solar installations, saving millions of households significant energy costs [1][7] Group 1: Soft Costs - The primary issue with solar installations in the U.S. is the so-called "soft costs," which include time-consuming and expensive permitting, site inspections, and interconnection processes, accounting for 78% of the total price of residential solar systems [3][4] - Most of the costs paid by consumers do not go towards purchasing essential hardware like solar panels or inverters, but rather are consumed by administrative processes [3] Group 2: Regulatory Inefficiencies - The high soft costs are attributed to a fragmented regulatory system in the U.S., where thousands of local agencies have their own building codes and approval processes, leading to inefficiencies for solar installers [6] - Each new town requires solar installers to learn complex rules and fill out different forms, increasing operational and customer acquisition costs, which ultimately get passed on to consumers [6] Group 3: Policy Reform Potential - If bureaucratic barriers can be effectively reduced through automated approvals and standardized processes, solar installation costs could potentially decrease by 61%, leading to significant economic and social impacts [7] - By 2040, this cost reduction could enable an additional 20 million U.S. households to install solar systems and save up to $1.2 trillion in energy expenses [7] - Optimizing administrative processes to lower soft costs may yield greater marginal benefits than merely subsidizing hardware technology development, highlighting the need for modern governance to complement technological advancements [7]