专访联合国经社事务部助理秘书长Navid Hanif：中国将是推进可持续发展的关键力量

Core Insights - Global economic growth is becoming increasingly "expensive," particularly for developing economies facing debt pressures, tightening financing, and rising external uncertainties [1] - The UN indicates that these pressures have structural characteristics, with global growth levels remaining below pre-pandemic trends [1] - The focus is shifting from achieving higher growth rates to assessing the capacity for future resource investment [1] Economic Growth Factors - The global economy is recovering, but the pace is slow and uneven, with a projected growth rate of 2.5% for 2026, significantly below the pre-pandemic level of 3.2% [2] - Key factors impacting economic growth include: - Debt issues, with many developing countries allocating over 10% of fiscal revenue to debt servicing, limiting investment in sustainable development [2] - Trade tensions, which could escalate with new tariffs, posing risks to economic growth [2] - Youth unemployment, a significant challenge for many countries [2] - Climate shocks, which disrupt food supply and infrastructure, increasing fiscal burdens for recovery [2] Sustainable Development Financing - There is an annual investment gap of approximately $4 trillion to achieve sustainable development goals, which is manageable within the global GDP of over $100 trillion [3] - The "Seville Commitment" emphasizes three action areas for sustainable financing: - Mobilizing both domestic and international investments, including concessional financing from multilateral development banks [3] - Urgent resolution of debt crises, with specific measures proposed under the G20 framework [4] - Reforming the international financial architecture to ensure timely emergency financing during crises [4] Sovereign Debt Restructuring - The current debt situation is severe for developing countries, with calls for coordinated, long-term solutions rather than temporary fixes [5] - The G20 framework for debt relief has seen slow progress, with specific recommendations to expedite debt restructuring and ensure equitable responsibility among creditors [5][6] Investment in Human Capital and Productivity - Investment in human capital is crucial for future prosperity, emphasizing education, skills training, and job creation [7] - Productivity growth in developing countries has significantly declined, necessitating structural transformation towards higher value-added manufacturing and services [7] - Investment in renewable energy and health is highlighted as essential for enhancing productivity and creating jobs [7] Global Cooperation and Multilateral Mechanisms - Despite global fragmentation, shared challenges necessitate collective solutions, particularly in areas like poverty alleviation and climate change [8] - The UN's role is to support member states in achieving sustainable development goals through collaboration [9] - China's potential role in advancing global development agendas is recognized, particularly through initiatives that align with sustainable development goals [10]