Sou Hu Cai Jing·2026-01-07 04:02Core Insights - Eni and Repsol are working to recover approximately $6 billion worth of natural gas and naphtha supplied to Venezuela [1] - The companies have been unable to receive crude oil from PDVSA for nearly a year due to U.S. sanctions [1][2] - The U.S. government has shown indifference towards the European companies' efforts to recover their debts [2] Group 1: Company Operations - Eni and Repsol jointly own the Perla gas field offshore Venezuela and have supplied gas and naphtha to PDVSA for diluting heavy crude oil [1] - The Trump administration revoked all foreign companies' operating licenses in Venezuela in March 2025, impacting Eni and Repsol [1] - Chevron was granted a waiver to operate in Venezuela, while Eni and Repsol have not been allowed to return [1] Group 2: Industry Context - Major energy companies, including Eni and Repsol, claim to hold billions of barrels of oil in Venezuela under current agreements, but these claims are now in question following the arrest of Nicolás Maduro [2] - Companies such as Sinopec, China National Petroleum Corporation, Roszarubezhneft, and Chevron also have significant oil reserves in Venezuela, estimated at around 10 billion barrels [2]