美国绑架委内瑞拉总统，背后的石油博弈

Group 1 - The core of the U.S. military action against Venezuela is a massive capital extraction operation, primarily targeting the country's oil resources, rather than a genuine pursuit of democracy or anti-drug efforts [1][18] - The U.S. aims to secure access to Venezuela's heavy crude oil, which is essential for its refining infrastructure and industrial needs, as it differs significantly from the light crude oil predominantly produced in the U.S. [3][5] - The proximity of Venezuela to the U.S. (approximately 1000 kilometers) makes it a more cost-effective and efficient source of heavy oil compared to imports from the Middle East [5][7] Group 2 - The U.S. refining capacity in the Gulf of Mexico was originally designed for heavy crude oil, but it currently produces mostly light crude, necessitating a search for stable and affordable heavy oil sources [5] - The political context includes the upcoming 2026 midterm elections in the U.S., where lower oil prices could help alleviate domestic economic pressures and garner support from working-class voters [7] - Venezuela's historical context reveals that it was once a prosperous nation with the largest oil reserves in the world, but has since faced severe economic decline due to mismanagement and over-reliance on oil revenues [9][12] Group 3 - The "resource curse" has led to Venezuela's economic troubles, as the focus on oil has stifled the development of other industries, resulting in a fragile economy vulnerable to external shocks [11][12] - The economic situation in Venezuela has deteriorated significantly, with hyperinflation and extreme poverty affecting the population, leading to a humanitarian crisis [14][16] - The U.S. intervention is framed as a business opportunity rather than a humanitarian effort, highlighting the exploitative nature of the relationship between the two countries [18]