【科技前沿】马斯克宣布：量产脑机接口，手术全自动化

Core Viewpoint - Neuralink is set to begin mass production of brain-machine interface devices in 2026, transitioning to a streamlined and nearly fully automated surgical process [1][19]. Group 1: Company Overview - Neuralink was founded in 2016 with the goal of enabling direct control of computers through neural signals via a coin-sized brain chip [4]. - The company focuses on treating neurological disorders such as paralysis, muscular atrophy, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's, and vision impairments [4]. - As of September 2025, Neuralink had served only 12 patients, which raises questions about the pace of its clinical applications despite significant market demand [2][18]. Group 2: Technological Advancements - The upcoming surgical procedure will simplify the implantation of brain chips by allowing electrode wires to penetrate the dura mater without the need for surgical removal, reducing complexity and risk [2][20]. - This new "minimally invasive" approach is expected to lower costs, risks, and recovery times, making the procedure more standardized and accessible [2][20]. Group 3: Clinical Trials and Milestones - The first human trial participant, Noland Arbaugh, was implanted with a Neuralink device in January 2024, enabling him to post on social media and play video games using only his thoughts [4][16]. - By December 2025, the number of participants in clinical trials had increased to 20, indicating a gradual acceleration in the pace of trials [18]. Group 4: Future Implications - Elon Musk envisions Neuralink not only as a medical device but also as a means for humanity to keep pace with potential advanced artificial intelligence, suggesting that brain-machine interfaces could enhance human capabilities [6][7]. - The potential for widespread adoption of brain-machine interfaces could lead to significant advancements in human progress, allowing for skills to be updated like software [7].