开采成本高，冶炼难度大！为什么美国要抢委内瑞拉的垃圾油？

Core Insights - Venezuela's oil is often referred to as "junk oil" due to its extraction difficulties and high refining costs [1][3] Group 1: Characteristics of Venezuelan Oil - Venezuelan oil is primarily heavy and extra-heavy crude, which is more challenging to extract compared to light crude oil found in the Middle East [1][3] - The extraction process for Venezuelan heavy oil requires significant technological investment, with costs exceeding $20 per barrel, and total costs from extraction to refining can exceed $40 to $50 per barrel [3] Group 2: Demand for Venezuelan Oil - Despite its classification as junk oil, heavy oil can produce a wide range of chemical products, making it valuable for industrial applications [5] - The U.S. lacks sufficient heavy oil and relies on imports to support its heavy industry, creating a demand for Venezuelan oil [7] - China also imports Venezuelan heavy oil due to its own reliance on heavy crude and the need for chemical feedstocks, highlighting the oil's industrial value [7] Group 3: Strategic Interests - The U.S. aims to control Venezuelan oil to revitalize its manufacturing sector and enhance control over critical minerals, contrasting with China's investment-driven approach [7]