欧盟长期补贴远洋捕捞风险转嫁非洲

Group 1 - The European Union has relied on public subsidies for its tuna industrial fishing fleet for the past 45 years, allowing it to operate in the waters of southern countries, particularly along the African coast, while transferring economic, social, and ecological risks to these countries [1] - From 2010 to 2023, the EU invested approximately €2.1 billion in the tuna fishing sector, primarily for fuel tax exemptions, fleet modernization, and access fees for fishing in third countries' exclusive economic zones [2] - The EU's tuna fishing agreements with African countries have resulted in significant public funding, with about 73% of EU external fisheries subsidies directed towards Mauritania and Morocco, where Morocco alone received over €1.5 billion [3] Group 2 - The fishing agreements have provided short-term fiscal revenue for some African countries but have also created structural issues, such as competition with traditional fisheries, undermining local livelihoods and food security [3] - The EU's long-term financial support for its distant-water fishing fleet has contributed to global overcapacity in fisheries, conflicting with sustainable fisheries management goals advocated by the international community [4] - The ongoing reforms in fisheries subsidies promoted by the World Trade Organization present an opportunity for African coastal countries to reassess the true value of their fisheries resources and seek fairer revenue distribution [4]