“绿水青山”之绿证与黄河示范

Core Concept - The article discusses the mechanism for realizing ecological value guided by the philosophy of "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets," proposing a three-stage approach centered on a green certificate system to facilitate the transformation of ecological value into economic value [2][3][4]. Group 1: Background and Mechanism of Ecological Value Realization - The concept of ecological value realization emphasizes the integration of economic development and ecological protection, highlighting the potential for ecological resources to be transformed into productive forces [3]. - The economic value of "Lucid waters and lush mountains" is derived from two main aspects: the direct economic value of ecological products and the consumable value that attracts tourism and investment [4]. Group 2: Current Challenges and Solutions - The current market for ecological product transactions is inactive, necessitating a standardized property rights system to facilitate trading [5]. - Establishing a standardized property rights certificate system for ecological products is essential to enable their marketability and to integrate ecological value into GDP calculations [5][6]. Group 3: Stages of Ecological Value Realization - The realization of ecological value involves three stages: GEP (Gross Ecosystem Product) accounting, integrating ecological value into GDP, and establishing a green certificate system [7][26]. - GEP accounting serves as a foundational assessment of ecological assets and potential value, while the integration into GDP aims to explore pathways for counting ecological products as part of economic output [10][26]. Group 4: GEP Accounting and Its Implications - GEP accounting provides a quantitative assessment of ecological conditions, allowing for comparisons over time and serving as a basis for evaluating ecological management [10][11]. - In 2023, the total GEP across provinces in China was approximately 62 trillion yuan, representing about 49.2% of the national GDP, indicating the significant value of ecosystem services [12][19]. Group 5: Regional Analysis and Case Studies - Different provinces exhibit varying GEP values and conversion rates, with regions like Tibet and Qinghai showing GEP values significantly exceeding their GDP, highlighting their ecological importance [12][13][16]. - Zhejiang province has established a leading ecological value conversion model, achieving a GEP of 2.86 trillion yuan in 2023, with a focus on integrating ecological and economic benefits [18]. Group 6: Green Certificate System - The green certificate system is proposed as a solution to facilitate the trading of ecological products, providing a clear framework for property rights and market transactions [39][40]. - The system aims to create a unified certificate that encompasses various ecological products, ensuring clarity in ownership and facilitating transactions through digital platforms [40][41].