2025年IPO：“撤单潮”退去、审核维度穿透

Group 1 - The A-share IPO market is experiencing a comprehensive recovery in 2025, characterized by high-quality development with both the number of listed companies and fundraising scale achieving double growth [2] - A total of 410 companies underwent counseling and filing, with 300 accepted and 115 successfully listed, raising a total of 131 billion yuan, marking a significant rebound in the capital market's financing function [2] - The Beijing Stock Exchange (BSE) has emerged as the core engine of the IPO market, accounting for 44% of counseling filings, 46% of approved companies, and 61% of companies under review, solidifying its position as the preferred path for small and medium-sized enterprises [2] Group 2 - In terms of application distribution, the BSE dominated with 176 out of 300 accepted companies, representing 59%, while the Sci-Tech Innovation Board and the Growth Enterprise Market also saw significant increases in acceptance [3] - The Sci-Tech Innovation Board demonstrated a higher tolerance for unprofitable companies, with 18 out of 48 accepted companies not yet profitable, indicating support for tech firms with high R&D investments [3] - The fundraising scale varied significantly across different boards, with the Shanghai Main Board leading at 43.23 billion yuan, followed by the Sci-Tech Innovation Board at 35.30 billion yuan and the Growth Enterprise Market at 24.51 billion yuan [4] Group 3 - The manufacturing sector dominated the industry distribution of applications, with significant concentrations in chemicals, industrial machinery, electronic equipment, semiconductors, and automotive parts, reflecting the capital market's targeted support for advanced manufacturing [4] - The "Matthew Effect" is evident in the intermediary institutions, with leading brokerages like Guotai Junan and Haitong Securities each having 15 approved projects, indicating a growing advantage in acquiring quality project resources [4] Group 4 - The "withdrawal wave" of IPO applications has significantly decreased, with only 108 companies terminating their reviews in 2025, a 75% reduction year-on-year, indicating improved application quality and caution among intermediary institutions [5] - The BSE and the Growth Enterprise Market accounted for 65% of the terminated reviews, primarily due to concerns over control stability, ongoing operational capability, and information disclosure issues [6] Group 5 - The IPO listing cycle has extended, with an average duration exceeding two years, particularly for the Growth Enterprise Market, which has the longest average time of 943 days [7] - The current evaluation standards have shifted from "approval feasibility" to "investment feasibility," focusing on long-term growth value and investment attractiveness rather than merely meeting listing thresholds [7] Group 6 - The IPO market has transitioned from quantity-driven to quality-driven development, emphasizing the technological innovation strength and long-term potential of companies as core evaluation metrics [7] - The average first-day increase for new stocks reached 256.77%, marking a three-year high, while over 80% of new stocks saw price declines post-listing, indicating a shift towards value investing [7] Group 7 - The brokerage industry is witnessing a wave of mergers, with leading firms like Guotai Junan and Haitong Securities consolidating, further solidifying their market dominance and intensifying the "Matthew Effect" [8] - Looking ahead to 2026, the BSE is expected to remain a central platform for IPO applications, with continued focus on sectors like AI, biomedicine, quantum technology, and commercial aerospace [8]