“人机共生” 重新定义生命边界（唠“科”·科幻里的科学）

Core Insights - The article discusses the advancements in brain-computer interface (BCI) technology, highlighting its potential to transform the lives of patients with neurological impairments and its broader implications for human enhancement and integration with machines [1][3]. Group 1: Technology Development - The key to achieving connectivity between the brain and machines lies in high-precision brain signal acquisition and decoding, utilizing methods such as electrical, magnetic, optical, and ultrasound techniques [2]. - Current BCI technologies are categorized into invasive, semi-invasive, and non-invasive types, each facing challenges related to biocompatibility, signal precision, and safety [2]. - China's rapid development in BCI technology is supported by national policies and significant technological breakthroughs, with a focus on both invasive and non-invasive applications [2]. Group 2: Medical Applications - Invasive BCI technologies are undergoing clinical trials, with advancements such as ultra-flexible neural electrodes that minimize potential damage to brain tissue [2]. - Non-invasive BCI technologies are already being applied in fields like rehabilitation and astronaut training, indicating a growing industry with vast application prospects [2]. Group 3: Challenges and Future Outlook - The path to large-scale industrialization of BCI technology faces challenges, including biocompatibility, signal stability, and ethical concerns regarding data privacy [3]. - Future developments in BCI technology aim not only to repair deficits but also to enhance human capabilities and facilitate direct brain-to-brain communication, potentially leading to a new era of human-machine symbiosis [3].