3万项制裁没打垮俄罗斯！全球悄悄建体系，美元霸权要塌了

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the impact of over 30,000 sanctions imposed on Russia, highlighting its resilience and the emergence of a counter-sanction ecosystem that challenges U.S. economic hegemony [1][2]. Group 1: Sanctions and Economic Resilience - Russia's energy exports have reached a five-year high, with 80% of trade conducted in its own currency [1]. - The sanctions, initially thought to be crippling, have instead catalyzed the formation of a counter-system that undermines U.S. dominance [2]. Group 2: U.S. Economic Control - The U.S. maintains control over global economic flows through the dollar system, which accounts for 88% of foreign exchange transactions and prices for major commodities [3]. - Key mechanisms of U.S. control include the New York financial court's jurisdiction, SWIFT system authority, and CHIPS network control, allowing the U.S. to influence international transactions [4]. Group 3: Emergence of a Counter-System - A shadow fleet of 1,580 vessels has been established by countries like Russia and Iran to bypass sanctions, with 798 of these being oil tankers [12]. - India has become a crucial hub for energy arbitrage, refining Russian oil and selling it to Europe under Indian labels, generating billions in profits [14]. Group 4: Financial De-dollarization - The cross-border payment system (CIPS) has expanded to 189 countries, with transaction volumes reaching 90.19 trillion yuan in the first half of 2025 [18]. - In trade between China and Russia, over 95% is now settled in local currencies, with some months seeing this figure rise to 99.1% [19]. Group 5: The Gray System - The gray system operates by exploiting gaps in sanctions, using alternative logistics and financial channels to maintain trade [23]. - Countries like the UAE and Turkey play significant roles in facilitating trade through loopholes, while also balancing their relationships with the U.S. [27]. Group 6: Global Economic Dynamics - The global economy is evolving into a tripartite structure, with the U.S. and its allies as sanctioning powers, while countries like Russia and Iran adapt through gray systems [24]. - Arbitrageurs such as India and the UAE benefit from sanctions, but face increasing scrutiny and regulatory pressures from the U.S. [29].