不只是稀土！中国把白银升级管控，扼住美国高科技产业“咽喉”

Core Insights - Silver has transitioned from being merely a decorative metal to a critical component in high-tech industries, significantly contributing to its price surge in 2025, which saw a 146% increase compared to gold's 60% rise [1][3]. Demand Drivers - The explosive growth in demand for silver is primarily driven by three high-growth sectors: the photovoltaic industry, electric vehicles, and artificial intelligence [3][13]. - The photovoltaic industry, essential for solar panels, is projected to require 450 million ounces of silver by 2030, significantly boosting demand [8]. - The electric vehicle sector, which uses several times more silver than traditional vehicles, is growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 13% [7][8]. - The AI industry relies heavily on high-performance chips that require silver for internal connections and packaging, enhancing the metal's strategic value [9][11]. Supply Constraints - The global silver market has faced a supply-demand imbalance for five consecutive years, with a projected shortfall of 3,660 tons in 2025 [15][17]. - Major silver-producing countries like Mexico and Peru are experiencing declining production due to aging mines and rising extraction costs [19]. - China's silver production is limited, with annual output of over 3,400 tons against a consumption of 9,400 tons, leading to a reliance on imports [25][21]. Export Control Policies - In early 2026, China implemented new export controls on silver, elevating it to a strategic resource level similar to rare earths, which will significantly impact global supply [27][29]. - The stringent conditions for obtaining export licenses aim to prioritize domestic industrial needs, particularly in high-tech sectors [29][31]. Global Market Impact - The new export policies are expected to reduce global silver supply by 4,500 to 5,000 tons annually, exacerbating existing shortages [33]. - Countries worldwide are beginning to recognize silver's strategic importance, leading to a global race to stockpile the metal [35][42]. - Financial market speculation is intensifying the demand for silver, with a significant disparity between physical inventory and paper contracts on exchanges like COMEX [38]. Future Outlook - The ongoing trends in the photovoltaic, electric vehicle, and AI sectors will continue to drive silver demand, maintaining upward pressure on prices [40][42]. - Experts predict that silver prices could reach $100 per ounce by the second half of 2026, reflecting its revalued strategic importance in global technology and resource competition [44].