专攻农业痛点，种子“精准设计”

Core Insights - The Chinese Academy of Sciences has announced significant breakthroughs in the A-class pilot project "Seed Precision Design and Creation," achieving a comprehensive system of theoretical, technical, and product advancements over six years [1] - The project has developed 37 leading varieties aimed at increasing yield and quality while reducing input and losses, with a total of 14.48 million acres of new crop varieties promoted, yielding substantial socio-economic benefits [1] Group 1: Agricultural Innovations - A research team has cloned key genes that allow rice to maintain stable yields while reducing nitrogen fertilizer by 20%-30%, addressing the issue of excessive fertilizer use [2] - The team has also identified a broad-spectrum resistance gene (Pm24) in local wheat varieties, leading to the development of high-yield, disease-resistant wheat varieties, significantly reducing pesticide usage [2] - The project has successfully created new tetraploid rice materials, opening new pathways for breeding by overcoming challenges in genetic transformation and genome annotation [2] Group 2: Crop and Aquaculture Development - The "Zhongke Fa" series of rice has become a star variety, with "Zhongke Fa 5" yielding over 20% more than local premium varieties in Northeast China, and "Zhongke Fa Early Jing 1" breaking new ground in early-season rice varieties [3] - Traditional breeding cycles have been reduced from 8-10 years to a more predictable and programmable process, enhancing the efficiency of crop development [3] - The project aims to achieve a 10%-20% increase in yield, a 15%-20% reduction in inputs, and a 15%-20% reduction in losses through the creation of precision-designed plant and animal varieties [3]