CXO、消费医疗大崩盘：这三年医疗行业发生了什么？

Core Insights - The Chinese healthcare industry has undergone a significant transformation from 2020 to 2025, transitioning from a "golden era" of investment to a "bubble-clearing period" characterized by a K-shaped divergence in market performance [1][2][4]. Group 1: K-shaped Downward Trends - The collapse of previously successful business models, particularly in CXO, consumer healthcare, and internet healthcare, has led to substantial market value losses, with some companies experiencing declines of over 90% [4][7]. - The downturn is attributed to macroeconomic factors such as U.S. interest rate hikes and geopolitical tensions, as well as microeconomic issues like supply-demand imbalances and the disappearance of growth dividends [8][10]. - The CXO sector, once seen as a perpetual growth engine, has faced a 46.68% decline for WuXi Biologics and 44.47% for Tigermed, revealing the fragility of its business model reliant on continuous global financing [12][10]. - Consumer healthcare has suffered a "Davis double whammy," with companies like Yonghe Medical and Aier Eye Hospital seeing declines of 86.19% and 52.69%, respectively, as consumer spending shifts away from discretionary healthcare services [14][15]. - Internet healthcare companies, including Zhiyun Health and Dingdang Health, have also faced severe declines, with drops of 92.44% and 90.67%, as the market realizes that their revenue largely comes from online drug sales rather than innovative healthcare solutions [19][21]. Group 2: K-shaped Upward Trends - In contrast, companies with strong global rights and hard-core technology have thrived, with Keren Biotechnology and Kangfang Biopharma seeing increases of 518.33% and 166.72%, respectively, marking a shift towards biopharma and global market engagement [29][31]. - The rise of these companies signifies a new era where capital is attracted to firms that can demonstrate robust clinical data and global market potential, moving away from mere concepts [30][31]. - Even within struggling sectors, some companies like WuXi AppTec and Yuyue Medical have shown resilience, with increases of 113.36% and 28.75%, respectively, by focusing on high-tech, high-barrier services [34][35]. Group 3: Challenges Ahead - Despite the emergence of new leaders, significant challenges remain, including the risks associated with licensing agreements that may compromise long-term profitability [36][37]. - The ADC sector is experiencing a rush similar to the past PD-1 craze, raising concerns about market saturation and price competition, which could undermine future profitability [39][40]. - The ongoing "ice age" in the primary market poses a threat to innovation, as funding for early-stage companies has become increasingly scarce, potentially leading to a decline in new drug approvals in the coming years [42][43].