呼吸道合胞病毒、鼻病毒活跃，如何用药？专家释疑

Core Insights - The current influenza activity in China has been declining for four consecutive weeks but remains at a moderate epidemic level [1][2] - The positive detection rate of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is on the rise, particularly in northern provinces, where it is significantly higher than in southern provinces [3] Group 1: Influenza Activity - Influenza activity has decreased for four weeks, with the overall level still classified as moderate [2] - The top three pathogens detected in respiratory samples from sentinel hospitals are influenza virus (27.4%), respiratory syncytial virus (8.8%), and rhinovirus (5.7%) [2] - The majority (97.3%) of laboratory-confirmed influenza cases are attributed to the H3N2 strain [2] Group 2: Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) - The overall positive detection rate of RSV is increasing, with higher rates observed in the 0 to 4 age group [3] - RSV is a major pathogen causing acute respiratory infections, particularly severe in infants, children with special health conditions, and the elderly [3] - The peak of RSV activity in northern regions typically occurs in winter and spring, while some southern areas may see peaks during the rainy season [3] Group 3: Treatment Guidelines - Oseltamivir is effective only for treating influenza A and B and is not suitable for rhinovirus or RSV [4] - Antibiotics should only be used after a clear diagnosis, as the majority of respiratory infections in children are viral [6]