聚和材料赴港IPO：盈利下滑、现金流持续为负，宣称“全球第一”实则已被竞争对手超越

Core Viewpoint - The company Juhe Materials is initiating an "A+H" dual capital platform strategy by applying for a listing on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, despite facing competitive challenges and declining profit margins in its core business of photovoltaic conductive paste [1][2]. Group 1: Company Overview - Juhe Materials is a research-driven advanced materials company specializing in the synthesis, formulation design, manufacturing processes, analysis, and application development of inorganic and organic materials [2]. - The company claims to have the highest sales revenue in the global photovoltaic conductive paste market, with a market share of 27% [2][3]. - However, its main competitor, Company A, has surpassed Juhe Materials' market share after acquiring Company B, leading to a combined market share of 33.4% for the competitors [2][4]. Group 2: Financial Performance - Juhe Materials reported revenues of RMB 10.23 billion, RMB 12.39 billion, and RMB 10.61 billion for the years 2023, 2024, and the first three quarters of 2025, respectively [10][11]. - Despite revenue growth, profits declined significantly, with a drop of approximately 7% in 2024 and over 44% in the first three quarters of 2025 [10][11]. - The gross profit margin for photovoltaic conductive paste decreased from 9.2% in 2023 to 6.5% in the first three quarters of 2025 [6][7]. Group 3: Cash Flow and Debt - The company has experienced negative cash flow from operating activities, with net outflows of RMB 2.67 billion, RMB 899 million, and RMB 3.46 billion for the respective periods [12][13]. - The capital liability ratio increased from 34.4% in 2023 to 58.5% in the first three quarters of 2025, indicating rising debt levels [12][13]. Group 4: Market Dynamics and Risks - Juhe Materials relies heavily on a few major clients, with revenue from the top five clients accounting for 56.2% to 58.3% during the reporting period, posing a risk if any major client were to leave [15]. - The company also faces supply chain risks due to high dependency on a limited number of suppliers for raw materials, which could impact production [15]. - The research and development expenditure as a percentage of revenue has been declining, from 2.9% in 2023 to 1.8% in the first nine months of 2025, raising concerns about the company's commitment to innovation [17][18].