四问今年首场大范围寒潮：雨雪冰冻降温有多强 影响持续多久？

Core Viewpoint - A significant cold wave is set to impact China from January 17 to 21, bringing the strongest rain, snow, and freezing weather of the winter season to the central and eastern regions, with notable temperature drops and complex precipitation types [1][2]. Summary by Sections 1. Strength of Rain and Snow - The cold wave will result in extensive rain and snow across central and eastern China, particularly affecting regions such as Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan, Shandong, Hubei, Hunan, and Anhui [1]. - Areas in the northwest, southern North China, Huanghuai, Jianghan, western Jianghuai, and northern Jiangnan will experience moderate to heavy snow or sleet, with some regions facing blizzards and freezing rain [1]. 2. Severity of Temperature Drop - From January 17 to 21, temperatures in most parts of China are expected to drop by 6 to 10 degrees Celsius, with certain areas in northern Xinjiang, central Inner Mongolia, eastern Huanghuai, Jianghuai, and parts of Jiangnan experiencing drops exceeding 12 degrees Celsius [3]. - The Yangtze River middle and lower reaches will see particularly severe temperature drops, with some areas exceeding 12 degrees Celsius and even reaching 16 degrees Celsius [4]. 3. Duration of Cold Wave Impact - The main impact of the cold wave will occur from January 17 to 21, gradually moving southward [5]. - After the cold wave, low temperatures will persist in most regions until around January 25, with alternating cold air and warming trends expected [5]. 4. Comparison with Previous Cold Events - This cold wave differs from the "king" cold wave of 2016 and the 2008 snow disaster, as it will penetrate southward gradually rather than rapidly [6]. - While there are similarities with the 2008 event in terms of widespread rain and snow in the Yangtze River basin, the moisture transport conditions and precipitation intensity are significantly lower this time, categorizing it as a "process" rather than a "persistent" weather event [6].